Totalitarianism: The Basics is an easy to read introduction into the main concepts, ideologies, and regimes associated with totalitarianism. Starting with an overview of how scholars have attempted to define totalitarianism, Phillip W. Gray begins with an examination of the various types of terms used, helping the reader think about how these terms do - and do not - apply to different ideologies and governments. Easily accessible language and the use of numerous examples aids readers in seeing the connections between certain types of ideologies and some forms of organization/movements in their relation to historically well-known totalitarian regimes. Gray concludes with the tools necessary to think through how to distinguish between an actual (or potential) totalitarian system and regimes that, while oppressive or authoritarian, would not be totalitarian in nature. A rich bibliography containing additional readings bookend the text. Totalitarianism: The Basics offers an essential introduction for students from all backgrounds seeking to understand totalitarianism and for general readers with an interest in political ideologies and extremism. For those knowledgeable in this field, it adds conceptual relevance and the varieties of ways of thinking about the term.

Totalitarianism: The Basics is an easy to read introduction into the main concepts, ideologies, and regimes associated with totalitarianism. Starting with an overview of how scholars have attempted to define totalitarianism, Phillip W. Gray begins with an examination of the various types of terms used, helping the reader think about how these terms do - and do not - apply to different ideologies and governments. Easily accessible language and the use of numerous examples aids readers in seeing the connections between certain types of ideologies and some forms of organization/movements in their relation to historically well-known totalitarian regimes. Gray concludes with the tools necessary to think through how to distinguish between an actual (or potential) totalitarian system and regimes that, while oppressive or authoritarian, would not be totalitarian in nature. A rich bibliography containing additional readings bookend the text. Totalitarianism: The Basics offers an essential introduction for students from all backgrounds seeking to understand totalitarianism and for general readers with an interest in political ideologies and extremism. For those knowledgeable in this field, it adds conceptual relevance and the varieties of ways of thinking about the term.

Providing an innovative conceptualization to extremist political movements founded upon "world-historic" populations and vanguard party organizations, Vanguardism sets out a new path in investigating the intellectual and historical influences that created extremist politics, the totalitarian movements and regimes of the twentieth century, and a framework for interpreting extremism in the present. Expanding its view across the turbulent intellectual currents of the nineteenth century, Philip W. Gray illustrates how these ideas shaped the shared ideational and organizational structures that would develop into Leninism, Fascism, and Nazism in the early twentieth century. Moving beyond the Second World War, the book explicates how vanguardism did not vanish with the war's conclusion, but was modified throughout the period of national liberation movements and Western extremist groups over the ensuing decades. Concluding in the present with an eye to the future, Gray presents a framework for comprehending the extremist movement of today, and how organizational shifts can give us clues to the forms of totalitarian politics of tomorrow. Original and provocative, Vanguardism will become essential reading for everyone looking to understand totalitarianism and extremist politics of our time.

Providing an innovative conceptualization to extremist political movements founded upon "world-historic" populations and vanguard party organizations, Vanguardism sets out a new path in investigating the intellectual and historical influences that created extremist politics, the totalitarian movements and regimes of the twentieth century, and a framework for interpreting extremism in the present. Expanding its view across the turbulent intellectual currents of the nineteenth century, Philip W. Gray illustrates how these ideas shaped the shared ideational and organizational structures that would develop into Leninism, Fascism, and Nazism in the early twentieth century. Moving beyond the Second World War, the book explicates how vanguardism did not vanish with the war's conclusion, but was modified throughout the period of national liberation movements and Western extremist groups over the ensuing decades. Concluding in the present with an eye to the future, Gray presents a framework for comprehending the extremist movement of today, and how organizational shifts can give us clues to the forms of totalitarian politics of tomorrow. Original and provocative, Vanguardism will become essential reading for everyone looking to understand totalitarianism and extremist politics of our time.

Managing the challenges of governance is more than merely managing people and resources; it is about managing the values that intersecting cultures attach to people and resources. The Ethics of Public Administration: The Challenges of Global Governance provides an exploratory introduction to the history and trends of major ethical cultures around the globe. Featuring chapters that explore national and ideological forms of ethics--including those of India, Russia, and Africa as well as Marxism, Leninism, Daoism, Buddhism, Confucianism, Judaism, Christianity, and Islam-- The Ethics of Public Administration is an indispensable guide for all those working in international affairs and government.

Managing the challenges of governance is more than merely managing people and resources; it is about managing the values that intersecting cultures attach to people and resources. The Ethics of Public Administration: The Challenges of Global Governance provides an exploratory introduction to the history and trends of major ethical cultures around the globe. Featuring chapters that explore national and ideological forms of ethics--including those of India, Russia, and Africa as well as Marxism, Leninism, Daoism, Buddhism, Confucianism, Judaism, Christianity, and Islam-- The Ethics of Public Administration is an indispensable guide for all those working in international affairs and government.

Co-Existing in a Globalized World: Key Themes in Inter-Professional Ethics brings together, and engages with, the scholarly work accomplished individually under the banner of professional ethics in various fields. The overarching theme of the volume is that globalization inevitably pairs professionals from distinct fields as co-workers. This necessitates serious reflection on how diverse fields can co-exist and achieve superior results through combining best practices from each. The authors are leading scholars and practitioners who have diverse national and distinguished professional backgrounds. These authors particularly focus on ethical concerns emerging from the inherent symbiotic relationship between cultural boundaries, professions and globalization. Furthermore, they put focused emphasis on ethical compliance with regard to globalization of professional practices into various cultural settings. The fields represented in the volume include international law, comparative education, East-West relations, engineering and bio-medical ethics, research ethics, and international professionalism in a cross-cultural context.

When debating upon how to react to new styles of warfare in the 21st century, scholars and political leaders often invoke the language of the just war doctrine. However, while terms such as "last resort" and "legitimate authority" are frequently used, their meaning is often vague or improperly used. In what ways can we make the terminology of just war more concrete and meaningful? This study examines the philosophical structure of the just war tradition, in particular focusing on its origins. Through an analysis of the ontological presuppositions of Augustine's arguments on just war, this study explains some of the fundamental assumptions necessary for the just war doctrine to remain coherent. By investigating contemporary attempts to address morality in warfare, this study also explains why major schools of thought (realism, international law, liberalism) fail in this endevour. This book will be of use to scholars of political theory, international relations, and intellectual history. It will also prove useful to researchers who focus political theology, ethics in warfare, and conflict studies.

The success of individual nation states today is often measured in terms of their ability to benefit from and contribute to a host of global economic, political, socio-cultural, technological, and educational networks. This increased multifaceted international inter-dependence represents an intuitively contradictory and an immensely complex situation. This scenario requires that national governments, whose primary responsibility is towards their citizenry, must relinquish a degree of control over state borders to constantly developing trans and multinational regimes and institutions. Once state borders become permeable all sorts of issues related to rights earned or accrued due to membership of a national community come into question. Given that neither individuals nor states can eschew the influence of the growing interdependence, this new milieu is often described in terms of shrinking of the world into a global village. This reshaping of the world requires us to broaden our horizons and re-evaluate the manner in which we theorize human personhood within communal boundaries. It also demands us to acknowledge that the relative decline of Euro-American economic and political influence and the rise of Asian and Latin American states at the global level have created spaces in which a de-territorialized and a de-historicized notion of citizenship and state can now be explored. The essays in this volume represent diverse disciplinary, analytical, and methodological approaches to understand what the implications are of being a citizen of both a nation state and the world simultaneously. In sum, Deconstructing Global Citizenship explores the question of whether a synthesis of contradictory national and global tendencies in the term "global citizenship" is even possible, or if we are better served by fundamentally reconsidering our ideas of "citizenship," "community," and "politics."

Co-Existing in a Globalized World: Key Themes in Inter-Professional Ethics brings together, and engages with, the scholarly work accomplished individually under the banner of professional ethics in various fields. The overarching theme of the volume is that globalization inevitably pairs professionals from distinct fields as co-workers. This necessitates serious reflection on how diverse fields can co-exist and achieve superior results through combining best practices from each. The authors are leading scholars and practitioners who have diverse national and distinguished professional backgrounds. These authors particularly focus on ethical concerns emerging from the inherent symbiotic relationship between cultural boundaries, professions and globalization. Furthermore, they put focused emphasis on ethical compliance with regard to globalization of professional practices into various cultural settings. The fields represented in the volume include international law, comparative education, East-West relations, engineering and bio-medical ethics, research ethics, and international professionalism in a cross-cultural context.